Tuesday, January 31, 2012

How Roles Models Inspire You to Become the Best

Author Oliver Goldsmith said "People seldom improve when they have no other model but themselves to copy." The singular influence in the life of a person is another person who is worthy of emulation. Who is that role model in your life worthy of such emulation?
 
Have you ever had this role model galvanize you to take the right action in crucial moments? A growing body of evidence in psychology suggests that when people are exposed to the role models at the right time, they will subconsciously motivate them to take the right action. Psychologists Hitrenda Wadhwa, professor at Columbia Business School, talks about his story through which his hero Mahatma Gandhi influenced him to take the right action. Here's the story:

Some time back, I was out with my wife and daughter for a night at the Metropolitan Opera. We were having such a marvelous evening infused with stirring arias, enveloped by the resplendent red carpets of the Met.  At the intermission, we sat down in the Met restaurant for dinner.  I was feeling so pleased with the idea that our daughter, at this tender age of seven, was getting to experience something as grand as this, imagining how she would grow up into someone with such refined sensibilities. 
 
But then our appetizer arrived, and my daughter grabbed at the plate and attacked the food.  My wife and I looked at each other in utter shock.  She did not say grace! She did not offer the appetizer to her parents!  Here we were, investing every drop of our blood into raising her the right way, to sculpt the perfect angel.  And here she was, right in front of our eyes, turning into a little monster!

I wrinkled my brow and started to scold her.  How could you do this, M?  This isn't right and you know it!  Stop eating, right now, and offer it to your mom first!  Take only your fair share!  She rolled her eyes and kept eating even as she impatiently gestured to her mother to help herself.
Just as I was about to intensify my admonitions, a story about Mahatma Gandhi flashed in my mind.   

It had been recounted by Gandhi's grandson, Arun, in reflecting on what he and his family had learned about non-violence from his grandfather, during his keynote lecture on the Gandhi tradition of non-violence at the 21st annual conference of the Concerned Philosophers for Peace in 2008. 

Arun Gandhi, founder of the M.K. Gandhi Institute for Nonviolence in Memphis, Tennessee, says nonviolence begins "with us, with what we do every day." He stands before a photograph of his grandfather, Mahatma Gandhi.


 

When Arun was 16 years old, he once accompanied his father to the city and was handed over the family car to run some errands with the commitment to return and pick up his father at 5 p.m.  Arun was excited about having the car all by himself, and in the city.  He finished his errands and then decided to go to the theater to watch a John Wayne double feature. By the time it finished, it was 5.30, and he rushed to get to his father and arrived there to find him pacing up and down, worried.  His father's first question was, "Why are you late?" 

Arun responded with a lie.  He explained that getting the car fixed at the garage took an unusually long time, not realizing that his father had already called the garage.  Arun's father was quiet for a while, and then asked his son to stop the car so he could get out and walk home. Arun was taken aback, and asked why his father wished to walk. After all, home was still 18 miles away!  His father responded, "There's something wrong in the way I brought you up that didn't give you the confidence to tell me the truth, that made you feel you had to lie to me. I've got to find out where I went wrong with you, and to do that I'm going to walk home."  

There was nothing Arun could do to make him change his mind—and nor could Arun leave him and go away.  Arun recalled later, "For five and a half hours, I crawled along in the car behind father, watching him go through all this pain and agony for a stupid lie. I decided there and then that I was never going to lie again."

Arun's story flashed in my mind in that instant I was scolding my daughter, and I became quiet.  Later, the waiter at the Met served us our dessert.  This time, unprompted, my daughter nudged the plate in the direction of her mother and then toward me.  I gently refused.  She was surprised, and asked me why I wasn't eating.  I took a deep breath and said, "I am so pained about how I have failed you as a father, for otherwise you would have been more grateful and gracious when the food arrived on the table.  I want to spend some quiet moments thinking about what we are doing done wrong in how we are raising you." 

My daughter's jaw dropped.  She begged for me to eat and started to cry.  "No, no, papa, it isn't your fault!  I shouldn't have done that.  I won't do it again, I promise you! Please, eat now."
Inwardly, I whispered a "thank you" to Gandhi for the lesson he had taught me.  I have, since then, frequently applied this approach in the way I communicate with her, and even with others.  It's been a very helpful way to stir the other person's intrinsic desire to do the right thing, and to remind me that I too should constantly be asking how I can be a better parent, a better teacher, a better leader.

Now, here's one caveat Wadhwa reminds using this approach: "Once I tried it on an aggressive driver in California who zipped from behind my car to capture a parking space that I had been waiting for.  I got out of my car and went up to the driver as she victoriously alighted from her SUV, and with all the gentility I could muster, I told her how pained I was about what she did when she quite clearly could see that I was waiting for the spot.  She peered at me from under her Prada sunglasses as if I was some weird hippie from the sixties, and just walked away.  Apparently, this technique works much better with people who truly love you! 


Here are some examples of how people get exposed to the right role models who inspire them to become the best.
  • People who associate their father with high achievement (and who have a positive relationship with their father), work much harder and perform much better if they were, before a task is given to them, unconsciously exposed to their father's name. Source: Succeed: How We Can Reach Our Goals by Heidi Halvorson.
  • College students who are asked to read a few one-page profiles about the effortful and gritty pursuit of goals by great achievers, such as a Nobel-Prize winning scientist, show greater commitment to learning and do better academically. Source: Succeed: How We Can Reach Our Goals by Heidi Halvorson.
  • A large proportion of students who were shown a film of Mother Theresa at Harvard University in 1988 reported a strong increase in their desire to serve others. Source: The Placebo Response by Howard Brody.

Over the course of my life, I  have been blessed to learn more deeply about several individuals who have positively influenced me. These include figures like my parents, Ravi Zacharias, William Wilberforce etc. However, as humans are humans, inevitably you will find yourself disheartened and disappointed when you give your complete trust to an individual. As followers of Christ, however, we have Him who is above all reproach, unblemished with sin, and exemplifies perfection - our Lord and savior Jesus Christ. The Christian life  requires a level of spiritual maturity. Spiritual maturity cannot be achieved without a deep understanding and persistent application of the virtues of the scripture. 

We have said that love embodies all of these virtues and that a life of perfect love would be what we ought to be emulating. Such was the life of our Lord Jesus Christ. During his 33 years on earth, he embodied and exemplified the love of God. He gave us a pattern to model ourselves by footsteps by which if we should only follow them, we would worship him. 

Ken Blanchard, author of Lead Like Jesus, provides a simple, effective 12-step process of extinguishing our self-serving needs and transforming ourselves into Christ-centered leader:


Now, how are you living life in light of Christ Jesus? Has the story of Jesus Christ became inextricably embedded in the fabric of your worldview, or are you being drifted into the sea of role model-lessness?

Monday, January 9, 2012

World-class Talent = Deliberate Practice + 10,000 hours

Demystifying Talent 
What's the connection between the following?:


Yo-Yo Ma
Tiger Woods

You
There's no connection right? I mean Yo-Yo Ma was a natural born genius on the cello. Tiger Woods is a natural born genius with a golf club in his hand. And you? You are just you, right? 

Well, most people would think that Yo-Yo Ma displayed his brilliance on the cello because he was born with a natural facility with cello music. Everyone thinks Tiger woods is so good at golf because he was born that way. In the last decade or so, social scientists and researchers have brought compelling evidence on how we view 'natural born talent.' This idea behind becoming a world-class expert through a combination of deliberate practice and 10,000 hours is recently covered in books like Malcolm Gladwell's Outliers, Geoff Colvin's Talent is Overrated, and Daniel Coyle's The Talent Code

 VIDEOS | Illustrations of Talent = Deliberate Practice + Time
Deliberate Practice
If inborn talent does not confer much credence into world-class talent, how can we make sense of this? Researchers have converged on an answered. It's something they call "deliberate practice" - but beware it isn't what most of us think of as practice. It isn't just hard work either. Deliberate practice is unique type of activity that is characterized by several factors that together form a powerful whole. 
  • Practice designed specifically to improve performance
  • Deliberate practice can be repeated a lot
  • Practice with the help of a teacher and mentor
  • Feedback on results is continuously available
  • It's highly demanding mentally and physically
  • It involves careful reflection on performance after practice sessions are completed. 
Now here are some real-world examples that Colvin illustrates and also the application of the business side of things. 

The Rule of 10,000



Real World Examples
"All this scholarly research is simply evidence for what great performers have been showing us for years. To take a handful of examples: Winston Churchill, one of the 20th century's greatest orators, practiced his speeches compulsively. Vladimir Horowitz supposedly said, "If I don't practice for a day, I know it. If I don't practice for two days, my wife knows it. If I don't practice for three days, the world knows it." He was certainly a demon practicer, but the same quote has been attributed to world-class musicians like Ignace Paderewski and Luciano Pavarotti.
Many great athletes are legendary for the brutal discipline of their practice routines. In basketball, Michael Jordan practiced intensely beyond the already punishing team practices. (Had Jordan possessed some mammoth natural gift specifically for basketball, it seems unlikely he'd have been cut from his high school team.)
In football, all-time-great receiver Jerry Rice - passed up by 15 teams because they considered him too slow - practiced so hard that other players would get sick trying to keep up.
Tiger Woods is a textbook example of what the research shows. Because his father introduced him to golf at an extremely early age - 18 months - and encouraged him to practice intensively, Woods had racked up at least 15 years of practice by the time he became the youngest-ever winner of the U.S. Amateur Championship, at age 18. Also in line with the findings, he has never stopped trying to improve, devoting many hours a day to conditioning and practice, even remaking his swing twice because that's what it took to get even better."
The Business Side
The evidence, scientific as well as anecdotal, seems overwhelmingly in favor of deliberate practice as the source of great performance. Just one problem: How do you practice business? Many elements of business, in fact, are directly practicable. Presenting, negotiating, delivering evaluations, deciphering financial statements - you can practice them all. 
Still, they aren't the essence of great managerial performance. That requires making judgments and decisions with imperfect information in an uncertain environment, interacting with people, seeking information - can you practice those things too? You can, though not in the way you would practice a Chopin etude. 
Instead, it's all about how you do what you're already doing - you create the practice in your work, which requires a few critical changes. The first is going at any task with a new goal: Instead of merely trying to get it done, you aim to get better at it. 
Report writing involves finding information, analyzing it and presenting it - each an improvable skill. Chairing a board meeting requires understanding the company's strategy in the deepest way, forming a coherent view of coming market changes and setting a tone for the discussion. Anything that anyone does at work, from the most basic task to the most exalted, is an improvable skill.
Why? 
Why do some people put themselves into years of intensive deliberate practice that eventually  makes them exceptional? This is perhaps the most important and deepest question that deals with your inner fabric of life, that is, your guiding value system. Honestly ask yourself? Why do you strive for such greatness? Is it to merely satisfy your own individual needs or do you derive the motivation from some other higher calling? Where does this consuming desire and motivation derive from? Without a strong sense of understanding of who you are, deliberate practice and the 10,000 hours rule become only a mere technique. It is the means to the end. But, first and foremost, you must start with the end in mind. (Read Discovering Your Mission) Learn more about how you can develop your core values through reading this: Why Core Values Matter